One question we are often asked about at LAL is how tax applies on the sale of a business. There isn’t a black and white answer, but this article will give you an understanding of how it all works.

Paying tax on a business sale

The sale of a business is counted by the Australian Tax Office as part of the business’s taxable income. Think of it as your parting ‘gift’ to the tax office!

The tax rate you pay on the sale of your business depends on the form it takes, with the two most commonly sold structures in Australia being sole traders/trusts and companies.

• Business sale tax for sole traders and trusts

For sole traders and trusts that distribute to individuals, the amount of tax you pay depends on the value of the business at sale. The tax rate is separated into two brackets:

• $90,001 – $180,000: a rate of $20,797, plus 37% on every dollar over $90,000
• $180,001 and above: a rate of $54,087, plus 45% on every dollar over $180,000

Both brackets also incur the Medicare levy fee of 2%.

• Business sale tax for companies

Tax on companies is usually between 25% and 30%, depending on base entity rules.

Capital Gains Tax

Capital Gains Tax (CGT) applies to the sale of all businesses in Australia, regardless of structure because a sale is regarded as a capital gain.

The ATO considers capital gains to be any profit that your business brings in by selling assets. CGT is the tax the ATO charges on that profit.

Therefore, selling a business for more than it was bought for is a capital gain and will be taxed.

Capital gains tax will vary depending on:

• The initial cost of establishing the business
• The sale price
• The businesses tax structure
• Possible tax concessions
• Total income earned over 12 months

Minimising your tax bill

As inevitable as taxes are, there are always ways to make sure you don’t overpay.

Small businesses have the most options available to apply for tax concessions. The ATO classes small businesses in Australia as:

• Having an annual turnover of less than $2 million
• Having net assets worth less than $6 million

If you are a small business, there are a number of concessions you may be able to apply for, including:

• 50 per cent capital gains tax reduction: If you have owned your small business for more than 12 months, you may be eligible for this deduction.
• 50 per cent active asset capital gains tax reduction: An active asset is an asset that has been in use for more than half the time that a business owner has owned them. A business clearly falls into that category, so falls into the eligibility for the 50 per cent active asset capital gains tax reduction.
• 15-year capital gains tax exemption: If you are over 55 and have owned the business for over 15 years, you may be eligible for a complete exemption if you are selling to retire.
• Retirement exemption: You can ignore up to $500,000 of the capital gains tax incurred if you are retiring. If you are under 55, you must place the capital gain amount into an allocated superannuation fund.
• Small business roll-over capital gains tax exemption: It may be possible to roll your capital gains tax over to a new asset. You even have two years to find the replacement asset.

Your lawyer and accountant can help you understand which of these you may be eligible for.

Asset sales or share sales

When you sell your business, you have the option of doing an asset or a shares sale:

• An asset sale means the sale of the entire business, including all physical assets.
• A shares sale is when you sell off enough company shares to move ownership to another business entity.

The best solution

You will always pay tax on a business sale, so the best way to make sure you don’t pay incorrectly is to seek professional help.

An experienced lawyer and accountant will help you understand all the options above so you can structure your business correctly to sell it. This may require several months or even years of planning but it will be worth it.

Don’t forget, there are many other steps involved with selling a business beyond being aware of tax. Your accountant and lawyer can help you ensure it is in great shape so you can sell quickly, easily and for a great price.

Need help to sell your business and maximise your profits? Contact LAL Law today.

Disclaimer: The information contained in this news post is general in nature and is intended to provide a general summary only and should not be relied on as a substitute for legal advice. Whilst the information is considered to be true and correct at the date of publication, changes in circumstances after the time of publication may impact upon the accuracy of the information.

Take a look at some of the options and steps involved with the insolvency process if you are a business.

How do you know if you are insolvent?

The signs you are insolvent are:

• If the number of overdue bills keeps building rather than dropping
• If the total of your business debts is higher than the value of the assets, you own
• If your sales figures and profits have been on a downward trend
• If you don’t have the cash flow to cover your regular expenses
• Your financial team is continually receiving phone calls and letters of demand from creditors

In some circumstances, multiple creditors may take action against a company that doesn’t repay its debts. This can result in what’s known as compulsory liquidation — and an order is issued by the court as a result of the creditors’ actions.

Otherwise, the company’s directors can start the insolvency process themselves, if they feel they need help to take stock of the situation and bring things under control.

Being insolvent doesn’t necessarily mean the end of the business. The first and most important step is to engage a team of legal professionals who are experienced in insolvency and can guide business directors through the process. Once someone is on board to help with the relevant steps and paperwork, here are the potential steps to move through:

Voluntary Administration

When a company goes into voluntary administration, the directors hand control to external administrators who start investigating financial details and working out how to deal with creditors. These experts are sometimes referred to as insolvency practitioners or receivers.

The company can continue trading during this time but there has to be a formal admission to the Australian Securities and Investments Commission, which will make a note that the company is in administration.

Once the administrators have completed their investigation, there will be a clearer picture of whether it is possible to pay creditors and move forward, or if liquidation is the best next step.

Receivership

If debts can be restructured, payment plans can be arranged and assets sold in order to pay off the creditors, or if the company can be acquired by another entity, it may be possible to get back on track and continue trading.

In these circumstances, a receiver is appointed to oversee the management of assets, potentially restructure the company and help take care of financial obligations.

Liquidation

The insolvency professionals you work with may determine liquidation as the best course of action if there is no way to escape the financial difficulties the business is facing.

Liquidation is also referred to as “winding up”. As part of this, items of value (assets) are sold to help repay debts, the company is closed, and it stops trading.

How to recover from insolvency

Recovering from insolvency is possible and many Australian companies have been able to do so. A positive outcome often depends on taking action sooner rather than later.

To avoid the threat of insolvency, careful financial management and a monetary ‘safety net’ are essential. It makes sense to work with a good accountant so you can be aware of spiralling costs before they are out of control.

Would you like more information about the steps to insolvency, contact Legal Affairs Lounge today to discuss your options.

Disclaimer: The information contained in this news post is general in nature and is intended to provide a general summary only and should not be relied on as a substitute for legal advice. Whilst the information is considered to be true and correct at the date of publication, changes in circumstances after the time of publication may impact upon the accuracy of the information.

However, starting and operating a business can be complicated. Many people find they have bitten off more than they can chew, especially when it comes to paying taxes.

If you are behind on tax obligations such as filing your BAS, paying GST, paying your staff super and handing over PAYG tax, things can catch up with you pretty quickly. What many business owners don’t realise is that the Australian Tax Office has the option to recover unpaid tax dollars from you personally.

The ATO will start the process to recover money owed by sending you a Director Penalty Notice.

What is a Director Penalty Notice?

A Director Penalty Notice (DPN) is a notice from the ATO that is sent to the director if a business has overdue tax bills (usually around three months after the due date has come and gone), or if Business Activity Statements (BAS) have not been filed on time.

The notice will outline the unpaid amounts and explain the options available to resolve the matter.

The DPN will have a date on it and will outline how long you have to pay the money. It may make you immediately personally liable (this is known as a lockdown DPN) or give you a set time period (usually 21 days) to satisfy the requirements of the notice before you become personally liable.

It’s worth noting that a Director Penalty Notice will be valid from the date of delivery to your registered business or residential address, even if you have recently moved.

You can still receive a DPN if you have left your position as director of a company. An incoming director who has been in the role for more than 30 days may also receive this type of notice.

One of the reasons DPNs exist is to prevent company directors from failing to meet their tax payment and reporting obligations, then dissolving the company and walking away without being personally liable.

What to do if you receive a DPN

If one of these notices makes its way to you, generally your options include the following:

• Pay off the debt in full
• Pay off the debt in instalments within the allocated time frame
• Put the company into administration or liquidation so you can find a way to recover the unpaid money
• Work with a specialist to restructure your business
• Share a valid defence that explains why you should not be liable for the business’s tax debts

If you fail to do any of the above, the amounts the business owes will fall to you personally to repay.

Of course, the easiest solution is to complete your reporting obligations and pay off your debts. If the DPN has been issued because you lost track of time and didn’t pay your bills, you could quickly resolve it by transferring the funds to the ATO. You can work with your accountant and bookkeeper to find the money, or potentially borrow funds to cover the costs, if you are certain you can handle the additional debt.

It gets more complicated when the money is not available to pay off the amounts owing. This is when you will need the help of a legal professional who will either:

• Help you to put your company into administration
• Help with a restructure so you can pay your debts
• Help you confirm that you did in fact take reasonable steps to avoid the situation
• Help you confirm that the reason for not lodging or failing to pay was due to illness or other unavoidable circumstances

Get support to resolve your DPN

The last thing you want is to be personally liable for your business’s GST, superannuation and PAYG debts as it can result in bankruptcy and a great deal of stress for your family.

Once you receive a DPN, you need to take action very quickly. Those 21 days can go very quickly and result in additional problems such as the ATO commencing court proceedings against you to recover the money.

One of the best things to do is immediately call a lawyer who specialises in areas including business, restructuring, bankruptcy and insolvency. This professional will be able to help you figure out the best way forward.

Before you get in touch with your lawyer, do your best to find records of your company’s recent tax payments and evidence of your current financial position. Then you can work together to resolve the situation.

Need help to resolve a Director Penalty Notice? If you’re on the Legal Affairs , contact Legal Affairs Lounge today.